- Torchlight should be easy to carry and should have well defined clear focus without any shadow or spots. As any spot would interfere with visualization of the structure.
Torch Light Examination-MCQs⍟⍟⍟
1. What is a Relative afferent Pupil defect(RAPD)?
A. Difference in the pupil reaction between the two eyes
B. Difference in the pupil color between the two eyes
C. Difference in the pupil shape between the two eyes
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect(RAPD) may be caused due to optic neuropathy or retinal detachment(RD). The swinging light test is used to detect a relative afferent pupillary defect(RAPD) which means detecting differences between the two eyes in how they respond to a light shone in one eye at a time.
2. What happens when light is shone into one eye?
A. The pupil of that eye will constrict
B. The pupil of that eye will dilate
C. Both the pupils will constrict
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- When a bright light shines into one eye, this leads to an equal constriction of both pupils. When the light source is taken away, the pupils of both eyes enlarge equally. This is called the Consensual light reflex.
3. Which of the following conditions is characterized by the irregular shape of the pupil?
A. Inflammation of the conjunctiva
B. Inflammation of the iris
C. Keratoconus
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- The normal pupil is circular in shape but when it appears to be irregular in shape the problem may be due to inflammation of the iris(iritis) or any injury in the internal eye, due to surgical technique.
4. Torchlight examination is helpful to find anterior segment defects. Can it also detect certain posterior segments defects?
A. true
B. false
C. partially true
D. partially false
Explanation:-👇
- When the torch is shone into the eye, the pupil should constrict to minimize light entering the eye. If the pupil does not react, this may indicate optic nerve damage(like neuropathy, neuritis).
5. A patient complains of foreign body sensations in the eye. When examined using a torchlight, there was no evidence of dust or foreign body in the cornea and bulbar conjunctiva. What will you do next?
A. Shine the light from the temple position
B. Evert the eyelid and check
C. Ask the patient to close the eye for some time.
D. none of the above
Explanation:-👇
- Foreign bodies such as dust, dirt, insects, or metal filing may be lodged in the internal eyelid so the next step is to revert the eyelid of the patient and flash the light to look for any foreign body.
6. An ophthalmic assistant was performing a torchlight examination when she notice that the shade of color of the iris was different in both eyes! What is this condition termed?
A. Irichrome
B. Heterochrome
C. Heterochromia iridum
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- The color of the iris in both eyes will be the same in most cases. however, few persons may have different colors in the same eye or in both eyes, this is due to asymmetric pigmentation. This is known as heterochromia iridium.
7. To assess the anterior chamber depth the torchlight is shown from the temporal side of each eye in the same plane as the eye. Which of the following indicates that the anterior chamber is shallow.
A. Iris is partially illuminated
B. Iris will be flat
C. Iris will be illuminated
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- In the case of a very shallow anterior chamber the iris lies forward, blocking some of the torchlights. So you will see a shadow falling on a part of the iris.
8. How will you screen for squint using torchlight?
A. Position of the corneal light reflex
B. Pupil illumination
C. Iris illumination
D. none of the above
Explanation:-👇
- The corneal light reflex is normally centered on both pupils but if it is not centered an eye alignment disorder such as strabismus may be present. When light does not hit the corneas equally the eyes are unable to work as a team and making it difficult to see objects clearly.
9. In the torchlight examination, if ophthalmic personnel identifies that the eye is misaligned(Squint). What would be the procedure to confirm this?
A. Muscle balance test
B. Cover Uncover test
C. Cardinal Movements
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- If an eye is misaligned, the cover uncover test is used to confirm strabismus. For example, if you have observed the right eye is deviating nasally when the patient looks straight ahead, then cover the left eye(the normal eye). if you see that right eye(deviated eye) turn towards the front, this confirms that the right eye was not aligned with the left eye when both were open and the gaze is straight.
10. When the ophthalmic assistant examined the patient's eye using a torchlight, this is what she observed. Identify the condition.
A. Hyphema
B. Polycoria
C. Brown cataract
D. None of the above
Explanation:-👇
- Hyphema is defined as the presence of blood within the aqueous fluid of the anterior chamber. the most common cause of hyphema is trauma.
